AOX1/2 | Plant alternative oxidase 1 and 2

Candidia albicans, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (use  an antibody to algal AOX1, AS06 152)

Application example

25 μg of Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial wild type fraction (1) mitochondrial fraction from a mutant with increased AOX level (2), total wild type leaf extract (3), total leaf extract from AOX overproducing mutant (4)  were separated on 10% gel and blotted on nitrocellulose membrane using wet transfer (0.22% CAPS, pH 11). Filters where blocked (1.5h) in 5% milk in TBST (1X TBS, 0,1% Tween 20), incubated with 1: 1000 anti-AOX polyclonal antibodies (2h in TBST) followed by 1 h incubation with 1: 50 000 Agrisera secondary anti-rabbit HRP-coupled antibodies (AS09 602) and visualized with chemiluminescent detection reagent, on Kodak autoradiography film for 15-60 s. Mitochondria were isolated as described by Urantowka et al. (Plant Mol Biol, 2005, 59:239-52). Mitochondrial pellets were suspended in 1X Laemmli buffer (5% beta-mercaptoetanol, 3.7% glycerol, 1.1% SDS, 23 mM Tris- HCl pH 6.8, 0.01% bromophenol blue), heated (95°C, 5 min.) and centrifuged (13 000rpm, 1 min.). Leaf extracts were prepared as described by Martinez-Garcia et al. (Plant J., 1999, 20:251-7).

Courtesy Dr. Janusz Piechota, Wrocław University, Poland

20 μg of mitochondrial protein isolated from 2-week-old Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings (Smakowska et al., 2016) extracted with a buffer containing urea, thiourea, CHAPS and Triton X-100 (Heidorn-Czarna et al., 2018) were denaturated with Laemmli buffer at 95°C for 5 min and separated on 12% SDS-PAGE. Wild-type grown at 22°C (1), mutant grown at 22°C (2), wild-type grown at 30°C (3), mutant grown at 30°C.

Afterwards the gel was blotted for 1.5h to nitrocellulose membrane using wet-transfer. Blot was blocked with 5% milk in TBS-T at 4°C/ON with agitation. Blot was incubated in the primary antibody (anti-AOX1/2, AS04 054) at a dilution 1:1000 in 5% milk in TBS-T for 1.5h /RT with agitation. The antibody solution was decanted and the blot was rinsed briefly twice, then washed once for 15 min and 2 times for  min in TBS-T at RT with agitation.

Blot was incubated in Agrisera matching secondary antibody (goat anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-conjugated, AS09 602) diluted to 1:20 000 in 5% milk in TBS-T for 1h/RT with agitation. The blot was washed as above and developed with chemiluminescence using GBox imager (Syngene).  

Courtesy Dr. Małgorzata Heidorn-Czarna, University of Wrocław, Poland

Mitochondrion inner membrane marker. Possibly in the inner surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Protocol for a plant mitochondria preparation can be found here. 

In protein samples which are older than few months AOX enzyme can undergo intensive dimerization. Such preparations should not be used to work with this antibody.

According to Konert et al. (2015) AOX antibody is recognizing AOX1A and AOX1D.

This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.

Alternative oxidases (AOX) are quinol oxidases located in the inner mitochondrial membrane of plants. They function as terminal oxidases in the alternate electron transport pathway, oxidizing ubiquinone to reduce oxygen to water.